Which factor is NOT included in calculating the Human Development Index?

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic used to rank countries based on human development levels. It incorporates three key dimensions: health, education, and standard of living. The factors included in the calculation of HDI are:

• Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, which serves as a measure of the economic standard of living.
• Life expectancy at birth, reflecting the health dimension and overall mortality rates within a population.
• Adult literacy rate, which indicates the education level of the adult population.

The employment rate, while an important socioeconomic indicator, does not factor directly into the HDI calculation. Instead, it could be viewed as a related measure that impacts GDP or quality of life but does not capture the broader dimensions of health and education considered in HDI. Therefore, this makes it distinct from the factors that contribute to the HDI, highlighting why it is not included in the index's calculation.